Tuesday, February 24, 2015
How to extract the contents of an RPM File
# rpm2cpio kmod-staging-3.8.11-200.fc18.x86_64-3.8.1-3.fc18.7.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idmv
Friday, February 13, 2015
Friday, February 6, 2015
bind9: socket: file descriptor exceeds limit (4096/4096) hatası
/var/log/messages 'a yansıyan hata mesajı:
Feb 6 09:05:11 bns2 named[9720]: socket: file descriptor exceeds limit (4096/4096)
Çözüm:
named'i çalıştırdığımız komuta "-S 8096" argümanı eklendi.
Çalışan komut:
# pgrep -f named | xargs ps
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
10752 ? Rs 0:21 named -4 -S 8096 -s -u named -c /etc/namedb/named.conf
Feb 6 09:05:11 bns2 named[9720]: socket: file descriptor exceeds limit (4096/4096)
Çözüm:
named'i çalıştırdığımız komuta "-S 8096" argümanı eklendi.
Çalışan komut:
# pgrep -f named | xargs ps
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
10752 ? Rs 0:21 named -4 -S 8096 -s -u named -c /etc/namedb/named.conf
sshd: sadece belirli kullanıcılara ssh bağlantı izni verilmesi
Platform: RHEL 6.5 x86_64
/etc/ssh/sshd_config:
AllowUsers root user1 user2
/etc/ssh/sshd_config:
AllowUsers root user1 user2
Thursday, February 5, 2015
FreeBSD memory counters
Örnek çıktı:
# top -d 1 -o res -a
last pid: 3627; load averages: 1.14, 1.23, 1.23 up 1307+20:18:3110:24:18
39 processes: 4 running, 35 sleeping
CPU: % user, % nice, % system, % interrupt, % idle
Mem: 831M Active, 2029M Inact, 248M Wired, 99M Cache, 112M Buf, 290M Free
Swap: 8192M Total, 68K Used, 8192M Free
...
Active: Memory currently being used by a process
Inactive: Memory that has been freed but is still cached since it may be used again. If more Free memory is required, this memory can be cleared and become free. This memory is not cleared before it is needed, because "free memory is wasted memory", it doesn't cost anything to keep the old data around in case it is needed again.
Wired: Memory in use by the Kernel. This memory cannot be swapped out
Cache: Memory being used to cache data, can be freed immediately if required
Buffers: Disk cache
Free: Memory that is completely free and ready to use. Inactive, Cache and Buffers can become free if they are cleaned up.
# top -d 1 -o res -a
last pid: 3627; load averages: 1.14, 1.23, 1.23 up 1307+20:18:3110:24:18
39 processes: 4 running, 35 sleeping
CPU: % user, % nice, % system, % interrupt, % idle
Mem: 831M Active, 2029M Inact, 248M Wired, 99M Cache, 112M Buf, 290M Free
Swap: 8192M Total, 68K Used, 8192M Free
...
Active: Memory currently being used by a process
Inactive: Memory that has been freed but is still cached since it may be used again. If more Free memory is required, this memory can be cleared and become free. This memory is not cleared before it is needed, because "free memory is wasted memory", it doesn't cost anything to keep the old data around in case it is needed again.
Wired: Memory in use by the Kernel. This memory cannot be swapped out
Cache: Memory being used to cache data, can be freed immediately if required
Buffers: Disk cache
Free: Memory that is completely free and ready to use. Inactive, Cache and Buffers can become free if they are cleaned up.
Monday, February 2, 2015
python3: concurrent.futures — Launching parallel tasks
https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html
FreeBSD 8.x bind kurulum notları
Paketlerin indirilmesi
auth# mkdir /root/setup auth# cd /root/setup auth# fetch http: //ftp.freebsd.org/%2Fpub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-stable/dns/bind99-9.9.5.tbz auth# fetch http: //ftp.freebsd.org/%2Fpub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-stable/All/libiconv-1.14_1.tbz auth# fetch http: //ftp.freebsd.org/%2Fpub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-stable/All/libxml2-2.8.0_3.tbz |
Kurulum
auth# pkg_add -f bind99- 9.9 . 5 .tbz pkg_install EOL is scheduled for 2014 - 09 - 01 . Please consider migrating to pkgng http: //blogs.freebsdish.org/portmgr/2014/02/03/time-to-bid-farewell-to-the-old-pkg_-tools/ ************************************************************************* * _ _____ _____ _____ _ _ _____ ___ ___ _ _ * * / \|_ _|_ _| ____| \ | |_ _|_ _/ _ \| \ | | * * / _ \ | | | | | _| | \| | | | | | | | | \| | * * / ___ \| | | | | |___| |\ | | | | | |_| | |\ | * * /_/ \_\_| |_| |_____|_| \_| |_| |___\___/|_| \_| * * * * If you are running BIND 9 in a chroot environment, make * * sure that there is a /dev/random device in the chroot. * * * * BIND 9 also requires configuration of rndc, including a * * "secret" key. The easiest, and most secure way to configure * * rndc is to run 'rndc-confgen -a' to generate the proper conf * * file, with a new random key, and appropriate file permissions. * * * * The /etc/rc.d/named script in the base will do both for you. * * * ************************************************************************* |
named servisinin açılışa eklenmesi ve rc.conf'daki gözden geçirilmesi
auth# echo 'named_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf auth# vi /etc/rc.conf |
named servisinin çalıştırılması
auth# service named start wrote key file "/var/named/etc/namedb/rndc.key" Starting named. |
named.conf daki problemli zone tanımları:
örnek hatalı girdiler:1)
zone "xxx.com "
(boşluk olmamalı)
2)
zone "xy_z.xxx.com"
(_ kullanılmamalı)
FreeBSD: bind9 named[59807]: the working directory is not writable
To fix this error, edit the following file:
/etc/mtree/BIND.chroot.dist
and change:
/set type=dir uname=root gname=wheel mode=0755
into:
/set type=dir uname=bind gname=wheel mode=0755
and then restart service:
# /etc/rc.d/named restart
/etc/mtree/BIND.chroot.dist
and change:
/set type=dir uname=root gname=wheel mode=0755
into:
/set type=dir uname=bind gname=wheel mode=0755
and then restart service:
# /etc/rc.d/named restart
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